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Alan Liu

The One Life and the One Gun:
Memory, Mechanism, and Destruction in William Gibson's "Agrippa" and William Wordsworth's "Tintern Abbey"

19th Century & Beyond British Cultural Studies Working Group, UC Berkeley, Nov. 18,2003, Alan Liu

Introduction

This page contains notes and materials for the speaker's introduction to the colloquium, which revolved around a pre-circulated paper. (Last revised 11/18/03 )

Preface

  • Vannevar Bush, "As We May Think" (1945)

    The "Memex" and hypertext "trails":

    The owner of the memex, let us say, is interested in the origin and properties of the bow and arrow. Specifically he is studying why the short Turkish bow was apparently superior to the English long bow in the skirmishes of the Crusades. He has dozens of possibly pertinent books and articles in his memex. First he runs through an encyclopedia, finds an interesting but sketchy article, leaves it projected. Next, in a history, he finds another pertinent item, and ties the two together. Thus he goes, building a trail of many items. Occasionally he inserts a comment of his own, either linking it into the main trail or joining it by a side trail to a particular item. . . . Thus he builds a trail of his interest through the maze of materials available to him.
            And his trails do not fade. . . . Tapping a few keys projects the head of the trail. A lever runs through it at will, stopping at interesting items, going off on side excursions. It is an interesting trail, pertinent to the discussion. So he sets a reproducer in action, photographs the whole trail out. . . .

  • What follows in this introduction is a "trail" of passages I have collected interspersed with my comments that seems "pertinment to the discussion"--i.e., to the paper on "The One Life and the One Gun" you've had a chance to read.

  • After following the trail, I will stand in the clearing it leads to and look about me at the general topic I have recently been working on and the place of this paper in it.



On the Trail of Creativity

from Samuel Taylor Coleridge, "The Aeolian Harp" (1795):

                                    And that simplest Lute,
Plac'd length-ways in the clasping casement, hark !
How by the desultory breeze caress'd,
Like some coy maid half-yielding to her lover,
It pours such sweet upbraiding, as must needs
Tempt to repeat the wrong ! And now, its strings
Boldlier swept, the long sequacious notes
Over delicious surges sink and rise,
Such a soft floating witchery of sound
As twilight Elfins make, when they at eve
Voyage on gentle gales from Faery-Land,
Where Melodies round honey-dropping flowers,
Footless and wild, like birds of Paradise,
Nor pause, nor perch, hovering on untam'd wing !
O ! the one Life within us and abroad,
Which meets all motion and becomes its soul,
A light in sound, a sound-like power in light,
Rhythm in all thought, and joyance every where--
Methinks, it should have been impossible
Not to love all things in a world so fill'd ;
Where the breeze warbles, and the mute still air
Is Music slumbering on her instrument. . . .
         And what if all of animated nature
Be but organic Harps diversly fram'd,
That tremble into thought, as o'er them sweeps
Plastic and vast, one intellectual breeze,
At once the Soul of each, and God of all ?




mechanism













One Life







animation

from William Wordsworth, "Tintern Abbey" (1798):

                           . . . For I have learned
To look on nature, not as in the hour
Of thoughtless youth; but hearing oftentimes
The still, sad music of humanity,
Nor harsh nor grating, though of ample power
To chasten and subdue. And I have felt
A presence that disturbs me with the joy
Of elevated thoughts; a sense sublime
Of something far more deeply interfused,
Whose dwelling is the light of setting suns,
And the round ocean and the living air,
And the blue sky, and in the mind of man;
A motion and a spirit, that impels
All thinking things, all objects of all thought,
And rolls through all things. Therefore am I still
A lover of the meadows and the woods,
And mountains; and of all that we behold
From this green earth; of all the mighty world
Of eye, and ear,--both what they half create,
And what perceive; well pleased to recognise
In nature and the language of the sense,
The anchor of my purest thoughts, the nurse,
The guide, the guardian of my heart, and soul
Of all my moral being.










One Life










Creativity, but "half creativity"/ half "perception"

from Wordsworth, Prelude (1805, Bk. 2),
Infant Babe episode:

No outcast he, bewildered and depressed;
Along his infant veins are interfused
The gravitation adn the filial bond
Of Nature that connect him with the world.
Emphatically such a being lives,
An inmate of this active universe.
From Nature largely he receives, nor so
Is satisfied, but largely gives again:
For feeling has to him imparted strength,
And--powerful in all sentiments of grief,
Of exultation, fear and joy--his mind,
Even as an agent of the one great mind,
Creates, creator and receiver both,
Working but in alliance with the works
Which it beholds.













Creativity, but "half creativity"/ half "reception"

from Wordsworth, Prelude (1805, Bk. 1),
Creative Breeze passage:

Nay more, if I may trust myself, this hour
Hath brought a gift that consecrates my joy;
For I, methought, while the sweet breath of heaven
Was blowing on my body, felt within
A corresponding mild creative breeze,
A vital breeze which travelled gently on
O'er things which it had made, and is become
A tempest, a redundant energy,
Vexing its own creation.









Creativity, but "half creativity"/ half "vexation"

from Wordsworth, Prelude (1805, Bk. 5),
Arab/Quixote episode:

                                    "And this," said he,
" This other," pointing to the shell, "this book
Is something of more worth." "And, at the word,
The stranger," said my friend continuing,
"Stretched forth the shell towards me, with command
That I should hold it to my ear. I did so
And heard that instant in an unknown tongue,
Which yet I understood, articulate sounds,
A loud prophetic blast of harmony,
An ode in passion uttered, which foretold
Destruction to the children of the earth
By deluge now at hand.









Creativity / destructivity

from Wordsworth, Prelude (1805, Bk. 6),
Simplon Pass episode:

Imagination!--lifting up itself
Before the eye and progress of my song
Like an unfathered vapour, here that power,
In all the might of its endowments, came
Athwart me. I was lost as in a cloud,

Halted without a struggle to break through,
And now, recovering, to my soul I say
"I recognise thy glory." In such strength
Of usurpation, in such visitings
Of awful promise, when the light of sense
Goes out in flashes that have shewn to us
The invisible world, doth greatness make abode,
There harbours whether we be young or old.
Our destiny, our nature, and our home,
Is with infinitude--and only there;
With hope it is, hope that can never die,
Effort, and expectation, and desire,
And something evermore about to be.
The mind beneath such banners militant
Thinks not of spoils or trophies, nor of aught
That may attest its prowess, blest in thoughts
That are their own perfection and reward--
Strong in itself and in the access of joy
Which hides it like the overflowing Nile.









from Wordsworth, Prelude (1805, Bk. 6),
Simplon Pass episode:

The mechanism!--lifting up itself
Before the eye and progress of my song
Like an unfathered vapour, here that power,
In all the might of its endowments, came
Athwart me. I was lost as in a cloud,
Halted without a struggle to break through,
And now, recovering, to my soul I say
"I recognise thy glory." In such strength
Of usurpation, in such visitings
Of awful promise, when the light of sense
Goes out in [camera] flashes that have shewn to us
The invisible world, doth greatness make abode,
There harbours whether we be young or old.
Our destiny, our nature, and our home,
Is with infinitude--and only there;
With hope it is, hope that can never die,
Effort, and expectation, and desire,
And something evermore about to be.
The mind beneath such banners militant
Thinks not of spoils or trophies, nor of aught
That may attest its prowess, blest in thoughts
That are their own perfection and reward--
Strong in itself and in the access of joy
Which hides it like the overflowing Nile.









[Appropriated version]











from William Gibson, "Agrippa":

The mechanism: stamped black tin,
Leatherette over cardboard, bits of boxwood,
A lens
The shutter falls
Forever
Dividing that from this. . . .

just as I myself discovered
one other summer in an attic trunk,
and beneath that every boy's best treasure
of tarnished actual ammunition
real little bits of war
but also
the mechanism
itself.

The blued finish of firearms
is a process, controlled, derived from common
rust, but there
under so rare and uncommon a patina
that many years untouched
until I took it up
and turning, entranced, down the unpainted stair,
to the hallway where I swear
I never heard the first shot.

The copper-jacketed slug recovered
from the bathroom's cardboard cylinder of Morton's Salt
was undeformed
save for the faint bright marks of lands and grooves
so hot, stilled energy,
it blistered my hand.

The gun lay on the dusty carpet.
Returning in utter awe I took it so carefully up
That the second shot, equally unintended,
notched the hardwood bannister and brought
a strange bright smell of ancient sap to life
in a beam of dusty sunlight.
Absolutely alone
in awareness of the mechanism.



























Coleridge's Aeolian Harp

Bush's "trail" of bows and arrows

Gibson's camera / gun

[Image of Agrippa (A Book of the Dead)]



Toward a Rethinking of Creativity

Two Memory Books

Wordsworth                              Gibson
Creation Destruction
Organism Mechanism
Imagination Media
Subject

Object

|
V

"Lively" Objects?
cyborgs
nanotech
symbionts
viruses


  • The Laws of Cool: Knowledge Work and the Culture of Information: the contemporary popular aesthetics of "cool"

  • Creativity, Again [prospective next project]. Hypotheses:

    • Creativity is the dominant contemporary aesthetic ideology

    • It has been hollowed out by the corporate ideology of innovation

    • New aesthetics are only possible through rethinking creativity.

    • The alternative of "destructivity" and its lively/deadly variants

    • "New media arts and literature" as the platform for thinking about this problem

    • Romantic configuration of "creativity" the necessary first spoor on the "trail"