Everything is a machine.
- Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, Anti-Oedipus

I. Turing: Intelligence as Effect

Turing's "Immitation Game"

Positioning the reception of mechanized-text

1. A brief description of the Turing Test

The Turing Test Page

Everything and anything about the Turing Test (not the man himself) with great links.

The Turing Test and the Chinese Room Experiment

A tabled writeup with diagrams and references

2. Alan Turing, in brief

3. Why invent the test?

3a. A Queer Theory reading

3b. As opposed to Asimov's Laws of Robotics

4. Against Turing Tests: The counterargument

Twelve reasons to toss the Turing Test

5. The intelligence process rather than the intelligence result of an 'imitation game.'

ThoughtTreasure

Under development since 1994, ThoughtTreasure is a comprehensive platform for natural language processing (English and French) and commonsense reasoning. ThoughtTreasure contains pieces of common sense such as:

A hotel room has a bed, night table, minibar, ...

A person has zero or one husbands.

A play lasts about two hours.

Cassette means cassette tape or cassette recorder.

Gold hair is called blond hair.

One hangs up at the end of a phone call.

People have fingernails.

Rough synonyms for food are foodstuffs, groceries, chow, grub, ...

Soda is a drink.

Someone who is 16 years old is called a teenager.

The sky is blue.

(from overview http://www.signiform.com/tt/htm/overview.htm)

5. The intelligence process rather than the intelligence result of an 'imitation game.'

6. In fact, it says nothing about the producer and everything about the product. (more about the receiving construct of gender than the imaginative transgendering ability of the male actor...)

61. To its logical extreme....

The Ultimate Turing Test

Can Turing’s test be improved on? Yes. With current advances in computer graphics, virtual reality, biomechanics and many other fields, it is possible to create an "Enhanced" or "Virtual" Turing test. The underlying idea of the test is still the same, but the amount of interaction between judge and subject is increased greatly.

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II. From AI Impersonation to Agents: How the Turing Test fathered Bots

BotSpot

A site for keeping an eye on bots on the internet.

A bot is a software tool for digging through data. You give a bot directions and it bring back answers. The term bot has become interchangeable with agent, to indicate that the software can be sent out on a mission, or a crawl, or data mining. Bots were not invented on the Internet, however. Robotic software is generally believed to have been created in the form of Eliza, one of the first public displays of artificial intelligence....

(from http://www.botspot.com/bot/what_is_a_bot.html)

Need a link on Eliza

CoLIN

Computer Linguistics ImitatioN by alan j. brown

A free ChatterBot program based on the premise by Alan Turing, the computer pioneer who decreed that Artificial Intelligence would exist if a computer could make a human believe that they were talking to another human. Most ChatterBots pretend to give human responses, CoLIN actually learns language from scratch, as a child would. This unique approach also gives CoLIN the ability to hold a conversation in any language. CoLIN is designed to respond to user statements based on previous statements made by the user. In other words, it learns what to say by listening to you.

matrix info

http://search.britannica.com/frm_redir.jsp?query=matrix+multiplication&redir=http://www.sosmath.com/matrix/matrix.html

more

http://www.britannica.com/bcom/magazine/article/0,5744,48683,00.html?query=matrix%20multiplication

hAIku

what IS this place?

A few months ago, my brother introduced me to the idea of computers that could write poetry. The concept was nothing new; programmers had written code to create haiku and stuff for years. For some reason though, the idea really intrigued me. Heartless machines writing poetry? hAIku version 1.0 for the WWW is my first attempt at creating a random poetry generator that is accessed via the World Wide Web. Although it is by no means on a par with Basho, sometimes it creates some very nice poetry...

(from http://www.obs-us.com/people/sunny/haiku/about.htm)

(for other sites check http://www.obs-us.com/people/sunny/haiku/web_ku.htm)

http://www.cs.indiana.edu/cgi-bin/haiku

The Age of Intelligent Machines: "A (Kind of) Turing Test"

Beautiful poetry test page - turing in a lunchpail

http://www.lsi.usp.br/usp/rod/rod.html

(a great graphic)

http://is.rice.edu/~riddle/hyperfiction.gif