This course explores methods of textual production and circulation from Plato through the invention of printing and today’s digital moment. How have the technologies of the pen, the press, the postal system, the telegraph, and the computer affected concepts of communication? How can we best understand the ways these technologies successively interact with one another? And how have literary works responded to such developments? Readings will incorporate both historical discussions of writing practices and key secondary texts on the history of books, printing, and media. Through our readings and class discussions, we will see that contemporary conversations about the effects of new media are not specific to the digital age, and we will identify recurrent patterns in history of responses to new writing technologies.